El Salvador (2006)

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El Salvador 2006 year


Administrative divisions	14 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Ahuachapan, Cabanas, Chalatenango, Cuscatlan, La Libertad, La Paz, La Union, Morazan, San Miguel, San Salvador, San Vicente, Santa Ana, Sonsonate, Usulutan
Age structure	0-14 years: 36.3% (male 1,265,080/female 1,212,216) 15-64 years: 58.5% (male 1,900,372/female 2,092,251) 65 years and over: 5.2% (male 156,292/female 196,167) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products	coffee, sugar, corn, rice, beans, oilseed, cotton, sorghum; beef, dairy products; shrimp
Airports	75 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 71 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 14 under 914 m: 56 (2006)
Area	total: 21,040 sq km land: 20,720 sq km water: 320 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Massachusetts
Background	El Salvador achieved independence from Spain in 1821 and from the Central American Federation in 1839. A 12-year civil war, which cost about 75,000 lives, was brought to a close in 1992 when the government and leftist rebels signed a treaty that provided for military and political reforms.
Birth rate	26.61 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget	revenues: $2.84 billion expenditures: $3.167 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2006 est.)
Capital	name: San Salvador geographic coordinates: 13 42 N, 89 12 W time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season (November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands
Coastline	307 km
Constitution	23 December 1983
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of El Salvador conventional short form: El Salvador local long form: Republica de El Salvador local short form: El Salvador
Death rate	5.78 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external	$8.087 billion (2005 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador H. Douglas BARCLAY embassy: Final Boulevard Santa Elena Sur, Antiguo Cuscatlan, La Libertad, San Salvador mailing address: Unit 3116, APO AA 34023 telephone: [503] 2278-4444 FAX: [503] 2278-5522
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Rene Antonio LEON Rodriguez chancery: 2308 California Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 265-9671 FAX: [1] (202) 234-3834 consulate(s) general: Chicago, Dallas, Elizabeth (New Jersey), Houston, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, New York (2), Nogales (Arizona), Santa Ana (California), San Francisco, Washington, DC consulate(s): Boston
Disputes - international	in 1992, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled on the delimitation of "bolsones" (disputed areas) along the El Salvador-Honduras boundary, but despite Organization of American States (OAS) intervention and a further ICJ ruling in 2003, full demarcation of the border remains stalled; the 1992 ICJ ruling advised a tripartite resolution to a maritime boundary in the Gulf of Fonseca advocating Honduran access to the Pacific; El Salvador continues to claim tiny Conejo Island, not identified in the ICJ decision, off Honduras in the Gulf of Fonseca
Economic aid - recipient	$125 million of which, $53 million from US (2003)
Economy - overview	The smallest country in Central America, El Salvador has the third largest economy, but growth has been minimal in recent years. Hoping to stimulate the sluggish economy, the government is striving to open new export markets, encourage foreign investment, and modernize the tax and healthcare systems. Implementation in 2006 of the Central America-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement, which El Salvador was the first to ratify, is viewed as a key policy to help achieve these objectives. The trade deficit has been offset by annual remittances from Salvadorans living abroad - 16.6% of GDP in 2005 - and external aid. With the adoption of the US dollar as its currency in 2001, El Salvador has lost control over monetary policy and must concentrate on maintaining a disciplined fiscal policy.
Electricity - consumption	4.45 billion kWh (2004)
Electricity - exports	91 million kWh (2004)
Electricity - imports	473 million kWh (2004)
Electricity - production	4.158 billion kWh (2004)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Cerro El Pital 2,730 m
Environment - current issues	deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution; contamination of soils from disposal of toxic wastes
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups	mestizo 90%, white 9%, Amerindian 1%
Exchange rates	the US dollar became El Salvador's currency in 2001
Executive branch	chief of state: President Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez (since 1 June 2004); Vice President Ana Vilma DE ESCOBAR (since 1 June 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez (since 1 June 2004); Vice President Ana Vilma DE ESCOBAR (since 1 June 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the president elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a single five-year term; election last held 21 March 2004 (next to be held March 2009) election results: Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez elected president; percent of vote - Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez (ARENA) 57.7%, Schafik HANDAL (FMLN) 35.6%, Hector SILVA (CDU-PDC) 3.9%, other 2.8%
Exports	91 million kWh (2004)
Exports	$3.586 billion (2005 est.)
Exports	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	offshore assembly exports, coffee, sugar, shrimp, textiles, chemicals, electricity
Exports - partners	US 61%, Guatemala 12.1%, Honduras 7.4%, Nicaragua 4.2% (2005)
Fiscal year	calendar year
Flag description	three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL; similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which has a different coat of arms centered in the white band - it features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; also similar to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 9.9% industry: 30.2% services: 59.9% (2005 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	2.8% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	13 50 N, 88 55 W
Geography - note	smallest Central American country and only one without a coastline on Caribbean Sea
Heliports	1 (2006)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 1.4% highest 10%: 39.3% (2001)
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for cocaine; small amounts of marijuana produced for local consumption; domestic cocaine abuse on the rise
Imports	473 million kWh (2004)
Imports	$6.678 billion (2005 est.)
Imports	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	raw materials, consumer goods, capital goods, fuels, foodstuffs, petroleum, electricity
Imports - partners	US 43.4%, Guatemala 8.2%, Mexico 7.8% (2005)
Independence	15 September 1821 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate	1.5% (2005 est.)
Industries	food processing, beverages, petroleum, chemicals, fertilizer, textiles, furniture, light metals
Infant mortality rate	total: 24.39 deaths/1,000 live births male: 27.27 deaths/1,000 live births female: 21.37 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	4.7% (2005 est.)
International organization participation	BCIE, CACM, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, MIGA, MINURSO, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Irrigated land	450 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are selected by the Legislative Assembly)
Labor force	2.81 million (2005 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 17.1% industry: 17.1% services: 65.8% (2003 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 545 km border countries: Guatemala 203 km, Honduras 342 km
Land use	arable land: 31.37% permanent crops: 11.88% other: 56.75% (2005)
Languages	Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindians)
Legal system	based on civil and Roman law with traces of common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (84 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 12 March 2006 (next to be held in March 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - ARENA 34, FMLN 32, PCN 10, PDC 6, CD 2
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 71.49 years male: 67.88 years female: 75.28 years (2006 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 10 and over can read and write total population: 80.2% male: 82.8% female: 77.7% (2003 est.)
Location	Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 200 nm
Military branches	Salvadoran Army (ES), Salvadoran Navy (FNES), Salvadoran Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Salvadorena, FAS) (2006)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$161.7 million (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1% (2005 est.)
National holiday	Independence Day, 15 September (1821)
Nationality	noun: Salvadoran(s) adjective: Salvadoran
Natural hazards	known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity; extremely susceptible to hurricanes
Natural resources	hydropower, geothermal power, petroleum, arable land
Net migration rate	-3.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Rodolfo PARKER, secretary general]; Democratic Convergence or CD (formerly United Democratic Center or CDU) [Ruben ZAMORA, secretary general]; Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN [Medardo GONZALEZ, coordinator general]; National Conciliation Party or PCN [Ciro CRUZ ZEPEDA, president]; National Republican Alliance or ARENA [Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez]; Popular Social Christian Party or PPSC [Rene AGUILUZ]; Revolutionary Democratic Front or FDR [Julio Cesar HERNANDEZ Carcamo, coordinator general]
Political pressure groups and leaders	labor organizations - Electrical Industry Union of El Salvador or SIES; Federation of the Construction Industry, Similar Transport and other activities, or FESINCONTRANS; National Confederation of Salvadoran Workers or CNTS; National Union of Salvadoran Workers or UNTS; Port Industry Union of El Salvador or SIPES; Salvadoran Union of Ex-Petrolleros and Peasant Workers or USEPOC; Salvadoran Workers Central or CTS; Workers Union of Electrical Corporation or STCEL; business organizations - National Association of Small Enterprise or ANEP; Salvadoran Assembly Industry Association or ASIC; Salvadoran Industrial Association or ASI
Population	6,822,378 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	36.1% (2003 est.)
Population growth rate	1.72% (2006 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 61 (plus 24 repeaters), FM 30, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways	total: 283 km narrow gauge: 283 km 0.914-m gauge note: length of operational route reduced from 562 km to 283 km by disuse and lack of maintenance (2005)
Religions	Roman Catholic 83%, other 17% note: there is extensive activity by Protestant groups throughout the country; by the end of 1992, there were an estimated 1 million Protestant evangelicals in El Salvador
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: nationwide microwave radio relay system international: country code - 503; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System
Telephones - main lines in use	971,500 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	2.412 million (2005)
Television broadcast stations	5 (1997)
Terrain	mostly mountains with narrow coastal belt and central plateau
Total fertility rate	3.12 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate	6.5% official rate; but the economy has much underemployment (2005 est.)
Waterways	Rio Lempa partially navigable (2004)

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